فلسفه تاریخ از دیدگاه رضا داوری اردکانی

From the standpoint of social critical theory, this article contends that grasping Reza Davari Ardakani’s philosophy of history requires a decisive break from prevailing modern conceptions of history. Moving beyond both “speculative philosophy of history” and “critical philosophy of history,” and resonating with Heidegger’s view of history as destiny, Davari shifts the focus from the epistemological question of “how to know history” to the existential inquiry into “our relation to history and humanity’s fate within it.”

His thought is organized around the notion of an “ontological and epistemological rupture,” in which history is conceived not as a seamless continuum but as a series of discontinuous worlds. The historical event of ghar­bz­adegi (Westernization), treated as a form of destiny, constitutes such a rupture—reducing tradition and the past to static “museum objects” and afflicting modern man with the “pain of ahistoricity.” Under the ontological dominance of technology, this condition intensifies, manifesting as decline, loss of authenticity, and crisis within the human sphere.

In essence, Davari’s entire philosophical project is a sustained reflection on the history of humankind. His philosophy of history does not attempt to discover universal laws or predictive models; rather, it is an existential and hermeneutic invitation to think—critically and reflectively—about rupture itself and the nihilistic condition it produces. His primary concern is to clarify the conditions for the “possibility or impossibility of thought” for the historical “we” dwelling in this fractured world, and to confront the question of humanity’s destiny in the face of this historical fate.