In 1970, after a complex process and subject to some hidden developments in the approaches of the superpowers to the Second Pahlavi, the territory of Bahrain was separated from Iran. Contrary to the common practice and custom in other countries, the imperial government quickly recognized this independence and then established extensive political, economic and cultural relations with the Al Khalifah rule until 1979 and tried to strengthen it comprehensively. The purpose of this article is to examine the reasons for adopting this policy by the Second Pahlavi government and the nature and recognition of the assistance provided by Iran, relying on the library research method. In conclusion, it is concluded that the policy of the Iranian imperial government in strengthening the foundations of the Al Khalifa monarchy in Bahrain after independence was subject to a set of regional and trans-regional factors that directly and indirectly influenced the Pahlavi government, the most important of which were the developments in the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman after the withdrawal of British forces in 1350 AH/1971 AD, Nixon's collective participation theory, and the selection of Iran as the main actor in this regional political and military transformation.