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<ags:resources xmlns:ags="http://purl.org/agmes/1.1/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:agls="http://www.naa.gov.au/recordkeeping/gov_online/agls/1.2" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<ags:resource>
					<dc:title><![CDATA[Zahabiya’s Socio-Political Activities from the Fall of Isfahan until the Rise of Qajar (1210-1135 AH)]]></dc:title>
					<dc:creator>
					<ags:creatorPersonal><![CDATA[Pirouzan, Hadi]]></ags:creatorPersonal>
<ags:creatorPersonal><![CDATA[Ranjbar, Mohammad Ali]]></ags:creatorPersonal>

			</dc:creator>
			<dc:publisher>
				<ags:publisherName><![CDATA[IHCS]]></ags:publisherName>
			</dc:publisher>
			<dc:date><dcterms:dateIssued><![CDATA[2015]]></dcterms:dateIssued></dc:date>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Gotbuddin Nayrizi]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Legitimacy]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Sacred divine wisdom]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Shiraz]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Afsharid]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Zandiyeh]]></dc:subject>
			<dc:description>
				<ags:descriptionNotes><![CDATA[Includes references]]></ags:descriptionNotes>
				<dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Zahabiye dynasty, despite having all-round support of Safavid government (907-1135 AH), encountered events like sudden collapse of Isfahan and its subsequent events, including the reign of Afsharid and Zandiyeh dynasties (1209-1149 AH). Nonetheless, no systematic and independent research has so far been conducted on the trend of socio-political activities of this dynasty. Given that, the present study aims at studying the interactions and manners of Zahabiya dynasty with the political authority during the years before the emergence of Qajar dynasty (1210-1343 AH). It attempts to elucidate the matter using main sources and sect-related sources of Zahabiya dynasty. According to research findings, Zahabiya sect attempted for bringing back the Safavid dynasty to the throne during Afghans era. This sect experienced recession and isolation in Nader Shah era, due to his particular religious policies.  Nonetheless, the sect reached its peak once more upon the selection of Shiraz as the capital city and Karim Khan’s devotion to the Zahabi pole of his time.  Thus, the Zahabis’ terms of conduct in interaction with positioning of Afghan, Afsharid, and Zandiyeh sovereignties were formed; the positioning which was meaningfully extended to Safavids as well.]]></dcterms:abstract>
			</dc:description>
            <dc:identifier scheme="dcterms:URI"><![CDATA[http://historicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1707_b997bd4329d2e7dd0e44298431924747.pdf]]></dc:identifier>
			<dc:identifier scheme="ags:DOI"><![CDATA[]]></dc:identifier>
			<dc:type><![CDATA[Journal Article]]></dc:type>
			<dc:format><dcterms:medium><![CDATA[text]]></dcterms:medium></dc:format>
			<dc:language><![CDATA[English]]></dc:language>
			<dc:source><![CDATA[http://historicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/]]></dc:source>
			<dc:source><![CDATA[Historical Studies]]></dc:source>
		</ags:resource>
<ags:resource>
					<dc:title><![CDATA[Common Punishments of Criminals in the Qajar Era (From Beginning to Constitution, 1209-1324 AH)]]></dc:title>
					<dc:creator>
					<ags:creatorPersonal><![CDATA[Savabegh, Jahanbaksh]]></ags:creatorPersonal>

			</dc:creator>
			<dc:publisher>
				<ags:publisherName><![CDATA[IHCS]]></ags:publisherName>
			</dc:publisher>
			<dc:date><dcterms:dateIssued><![CDATA[2015]]></dcterms:dateIssued></dc:date>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Qajar era]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[security]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Crimes]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Punishments]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Daroughah [Police official]]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Farrash [Guard]]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Executioner]]></dc:subject>
			<dc:description>
				<ags:descriptionNotes><![CDATA[Includes references]]></ags:descriptionNotes>
				<dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[As one of their main functions to maintain political power, ruling dynasties in Iran always tried to establish social security and confront any events that might disrupt stability in the country. Therefore, various penalties had been meted out for perpetrators of such phenomena including social unrest, robbery, acting in disobedience to the orders of the Shah and other officials, disruption to economic activities and financial affairs of the people, murder, rape, drunken brawls in public places, and the like. These punishments were performed in various manners by non-religious jurisdictions or at the behest of the Shah, local rulers, or other security officials without any established procedures. Most of the punishments were based on the expediency of the government rather than the expediency of religion or jurisprudence. Rulers determined the manner of punishment on the basis of popular preferences. This type of conventional punishment, as opposed to legal or religious punishment, was quite common during the Qajar era, as a tool for countering the widespread social unrest. This has been reflected in the chronicles of many historians and in the diaries written by many European tourists visiting Iran during the period. The present study deals with various types of punishment of criminals and the manner of practicing such punishments during the Qajar era before the Constitutional Revolution. Findings of the study show that the punishments in the period were not based on any legal standards and that decisions of the Shah and other government officials determined the manner of performing punishments, often with much violence and harshness.]]></dcterms:abstract>
			</dc:description>
            <dc:identifier scheme="dcterms:URI"><![CDATA[http://historicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1708_b1dcf9d645b01bf6ccc6ed00af3d82fd.pdf]]></dc:identifier>
			<dc:identifier scheme="ags:DOI"><![CDATA[]]></dc:identifier>
			<dc:type><![CDATA[Journal Article]]></dc:type>
			<dc:format><dcterms:medium><![CDATA[text]]></dcterms:medium></dc:format>
			<dc:language><![CDATA[English]]></dc:language>
			<dc:source><![CDATA[http://historicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/]]></dc:source>
			<dc:source><![CDATA[Historical Studies]]></dc:source>
		</ags:resource>
<ags:resource>
					<dc:title><![CDATA[Samanid Empire and Revival of Persian Kingdom]]></dc:title>
					<dc:creator>
					<ags:creatorPersonal><![CDATA[Rahmati, Mohsen]]></ags:creatorPersonal>

			</dc:creator>
			<dc:publisher>
				<ags:publisherName><![CDATA[IHCS]]></ags:publisherName>
			</dc:publisher>
			<dc:date><dcterms:dateIssued><![CDATA[2015]]></dcterms:dateIssued></dc:date>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Samanid Empire]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Revival of Persian kingdom]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Abbasid Caliphate]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Transoxiana]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Khorassan]]></dc:subject>
			<dc:description>
				<ags:descriptionNotes><![CDATA[Includes references]]></ags:descriptionNotes>
				<dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Among political and social movements of the 4th century, we can refer to various attempts made by many Iranian rulers for the revival of Persian kingdom. Similarly, Samanid Empire—in line with its intended aims and plans—made significant attempts in this case.  The present study, adopting a descriptive-analytic research method, aims at probing into the scant existing data to elucidate the attempts made by the Samanids for the revival of Persian kingdom. The results of the study reveal that various factors including rivalry between Khorasan noblemen, competition with Buhiyans, and tensions in relationships with Abbasid Caliphate made the Samanids attempt for the revival of Persian kingdom in the beginning of the 4th century. Accordingly, to maintain their own right to rule, they acted both theoretically and practically to revive the Persian kingdom. Nonetheless, some obstacles like authority of Dinyar social class, widespread presence of Arabs and Turks, and large population of Ghaziyan and Sufis in their territory made Samanids adopt a different policy for the revival of Persian kingdom comparing with that of Buhiyans.]]></dcterms:abstract>
			</dc:description>
            <dc:identifier scheme="dcterms:URI"><![CDATA[http://historicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1709_c0ce6e3e48363d224db175a7e2901dcf.pdf]]></dc:identifier>
			<dc:identifier scheme="ags:DOI"><![CDATA[]]></dc:identifier>
			<dc:type><![CDATA[Journal Article]]></dc:type>
			<dc:format><dcterms:medium><![CDATA[text]]></dcterms:medium></dc:format>
			<dc:language><![CDATA[English]]></dc:language>
			<dc:source><![CDATA[http://historicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/]]></dc:source>
			<dc:source><![CDATA[Historical Studies]]></dc:source>
		</ags:resource>
<ags:resource>
					<dc:title><![CDATA[An Investigation of Educational Perspectives of Mirza Malkum Khan Nazem al-Dowleh]]></dc:title>
					<dc:creator>
					<ags:creatorPersonal><![CDATA[Taheri Moqadam, Seyyed Mohammad]]></ags:creatorPersonal>
<ags:creatorPersonal><![CDATA[Boochani, Ebrahim]]></ags:creatorPersonal>

			</dc:creator>
			<dc:publisher>
				<ags:publisherName><![CDATA[IHCS]]></ags:publisherName>
			</dc:publisher>
			<dc:date><dcterms:dateIssued><![CDATA[2015]]></dcterms:dateIssued></dc:date>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Mirza Malkum Khan]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[New educational system]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Customizing education]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Alphabet reforming]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Women education]]></dc:subject>
			<dc:description>
				<ags:descriptionNotes><![CDATA[Includes references]]></ags:descriptionNotes>
				<dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Mirza Malkum Khan Nazem al-Dowleh is one of the prominent intellectuals whose numerous political, cultural, and educational writings have played a significant role in social awakening of Iranians. Whether he served with loyalty or betrayed his country has been a subject for debate. These various and even opposing judgments have somewhat been influenced by the dominant attitudes of the public towards emergence of new thinking paradigms. Malkum Khan has written a lot investigating the causes of Iranians' adversities and the possible solutions. An outstanding aspect of his brilliant ideas was his care for cultural and educational issues. In his writings, he recognized public literacy and promotion of sciences as the bases for Western progress. On the other hand, he recognized illiteracy as the reason for the retardation in the Islamic regions. To him, alphabetic and orthographic problems lied at the root of illiteracy. The present two-fold study aims at examining the educational perspectives of Malkum Khan and his critical ideologies, i.e. reforming the alphabet and customizing the educational system.]]></dcterms:abstract>
			</dc:description>
            <dc:identifier scheme="dcterms:URI"><![CDATA[http://historicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1710_819e5a98556e5cedc9e34d8240940dc5.pdf]]></dc:identifier>
			<dc:identifier scheme="ags:DOI"><![CDATA[]]></dc:identifier>
			<dc:type><![CDATA[Journal Article]]></dc:type>
			<dc:format><dcterms:medium><![CDATA[text]]></dcterms:medium></dc:format>
			<dc:language><![CDATA[English]]></dc:language>
			<dc:source><![CDATA[http://historicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/]]></dc:source>
			<dc:source><![CDATA[Historical Studies]]></dc:source>
		</ags:resource>
<ags:resource>
					<dc:title><![CDATA[A Comparative Study of Historiographical Views of Iskandar Beg Munshi and Molla Jalal Yazdi]]></dc:title>
					<dc:creator>
					<ags:creatorPersonal><![CDATA[Farabi, Shahin]]></ags:creatorPersonal>
<ags:creatorPersonal><![CDATA[Edrisi, Mehri]]></ags:creatorPersonal>

			</dc:creator>
			<dc:publisher>
				<ags:publisherName><![CDATA[IHCS]]></ags:publisherName>
			</dc:publisher>
			<dc:date><dcterms:dateIssued><![CDATA[2015]]></dcterms:dateIssued></dc:date>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Comparative Comparison]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Historiography]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Iskandar Beg Munshi]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Molla Jalal Yazdi]]></dc:subject>
			<dc:description>
				<ags:descriptionNotes><![CDATA[Includes references]]></ags:descriptionNotes>
				<dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[One of the problems encountered in Safavid historiographical criticism is lack of information on biography, approaches, and viewpoints of historians and chroniclers who were mainly the court administrators.  In this study, two courtier historians at the time of Shah Abbas I (996-1038 AH) have been selected: Iskandar Beg, the author of History of Alam Aray Abbasi, as the special secretary, and Molla Jalal Yazdi, the author of Abbasid History, as the astronomer. Both served Shah Abbas I about thirty years. The reasons for the selection of these two historians are their contemporary career lives, encountering events occurred in a certain period of time, provision of different reports, and finally, writing their history in the name of Shah Abbas I. The present paper aims at comparing the chronology styles of these two historians and their viewpoints about certain common historical issues; such as Khan Ahmad s’ rise, Shah Abbas’ rescue from death in 1001 AH, his travelling from Isfahan to Mashhad on foot in 1010 AH, and the like. This paper answers such questions as what factors influenced the chronology styles and viewpoints of each of these historians and why there are few common issues in their works, despite them living in the same period.  Altogether, it can be said that chronological approaches of each of them were influenced by quantity and quality of their knowledge of chronology. Moreover, their career features had an influence on their viewpoints and perception of issues.]]></dcterms:abstract>
			</dc:description>
            <dc:identifier scheme="dcterms:URI"><![CDATA[http://historicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1711_490aa79dfb9e68bfce3220321163bb2b.pdf]]></dc:identifier>
			<dc:identifier scheme="ags:DOI"><![CDATA[]]></dc:identifier>
			<dc:type><![CDATA[Journal Article]]></dc:type>
			<dc:format><dcterms:medium><![CDATA[text]]></dcterms:medium></dc:format>
			<dc:language><![CDATA[English]]></dc:language>
			<dc:source><![CDATA[http://historicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/]]></dc:source>
			<dc:source><![CDATA[Historical Studies]]></dc:source>
		</ags:resource>
<ags:resource>
					<dc:title><![CDATA[Status of Political Science in the Curriculum of History Discipline, Bachelor’s Level]]></dc:title>
					<dc:creator>
					<ags:creatorPersonal><![CDATA[Mollaiy Tavany, Alireza]]></ags:creatorPersonal>

			</dc:creator>
			<dc:publisher>
				<ags:publisherName><![CDATA[IHCS]]></ags:publisherName>
			</dc:publisher>
			<dc:date><dcterms:dateIssued><![CDATA[2015]]></dcterms:dateIssued></dc:date>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[History discipline]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Political science]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[curriculum]]></dc:subject>
				<dc:subject><![CDATA[Inter-disciplinary study]]></dc:subject>
			<dc:description>
				<ags:descriptionNotes><![CDATA[Includes references]]></ags:descriptionNotes>
				<dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Considering main academic disciplines of humanities in Iran, stronger links can be seen between History science and Political science. Such links can be shown not only in a good number of contemporary history areas but also in thematic, methodological, and epistemological aspects of earlier times. Frequent application of political terminologies and jargons in historical studies is indicative of existing interactions between these two sciences. These relations can be investigated from different aspects. The present article attempts to investigate the application of political terminologies and jargons in the curriculum of History discipline, Bachelor’s level, since its establishment in Iranian universities until now. Employing descriptive-explanatory research method, the present study aims at examining such interactions between History science and Political science in the educational courses of History discipline. Taking advantage of content-analysis, it then assesses the frequency of occurrence of political terms. The results of the research show that educational subjects employing Political science and political terminologies and concepts have gradually increased in the History curriculum.]]></dcterms:abstract>
			</dc:description>
            <dc:identifier scheme="dcterms:URI"><![CDATA[http://historicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1712_f7dfbd2dbe80040e0e355d0323b1b4f5.pdf]]></dc:identifier>
			<dc:identifier scheme="ags:DOI"><![CDATA[]]></dc:identifier>
			<dc:type><![CDATA[Journal Article]]></dc:type>
			<dc:format><dcterms:medium><![CDATA[text]]></dcterms:medium></dc:format>
			<dc:language><![CDATA[English]]></dc:language>
			<dc:source><![CDATA[http://historicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/]]></dc:source>
			<dc:source><![CDATA[Historical Studies]]></dc:source>
		</ags:resource>

</ags:resources>